PMID-22166016 Nanostraws for Direct Fluidic Intracellular Access
- Used track-etched polycarbonate membranes, which have controlled pore density & ID.
- Deposited alumina on the pores & external surfaces using ALD
- Then etched away the top alumina
- and finally used O2 RIE to etch away the polycarbonate.
- Show that these nanopores have cytosolic access (via Fluor 488 - hydrazide membrane impermeant dye
- Also used nanostraws to deliver Co+2 to quench GFP fluorescence.
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PMID-24710350, Quantification of nanowire penetration into living cells.
- We discover that penetration is a rare event: 7.1±2.7% of the nanostraws penetrate the cell to provide cytosolic access for an extended period for an average of 10.7±5.8 penetrations per cell.
- Using time-resolved delivery, the kinetics of the first penetration event are shown to be adhesion dependent and coincident with recruitment of focal adhesion-associated proteins.
- Hours for unmodified, 5 minutes for adhesion-promoting surface.
- Chinese hamster oviary cells expressing GFP, Co+2 quenching, EDTA chelation.
- To modulate cell adhesion, nanostraw substrates were incubated in 10 μg ml−1 fibronectin, a well-characterized cell adhesion molecule, in addition to the standard polyornithine coating.
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